**Acceleration of Bone Fracture Healing through the Use of Bovine Hydroxyapatite or Calcium Lactate Oral and Implant Bovine Hydroxyapatite–Gelatin on Bone Defect Animal Model**

**Aniek Setiya Budiatin 1,\* , Junaidi Khotib <sup>1</sup> , Samirah Samirah <sup>1</sup> , Chrismawan Ardianto <sup>1</sup> , Maria Apriliani Gani <sup>1</sup> , Bulan Rhea Kaulika Hadinar Putri <sup>1</sup> , Huzaifah Arofik <sup>1</sup> , Rizka Nanda Sadiwa <sup>1</sup> , Indri Lestari <sup>1</sup> , Yusuf Alif Pratama <sup>1</sup> , Erreza Rahadiansyah <sup>2</sup> and Imam Susilo <sup>3</sup>**

	- <sup>3</sup> Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia
	- **\*** Correspondence: anieksb@yahoo.co.id

**Abstract:** Bone grafts a commonly used therapeutic technique for the reconstruction and facilitation of bone regeneration due to fractures. BHA–GEL (bovine hydroxyapatite–gelatin) pellet implants have been shown to be able accelerate the process of bone repair by looking at the percentage of new bone, and the contact between the composite and bone. Based on these results, a study was conducted by placing BHA–GEL (9:1) pellet implants in rabbit femoral bone defects, accompanied by 500 mg oral supplement of BHA or calcium lactate to determine the effectiveness of addition supplements. The research model used was a burr hole defect model with a diameter of 4.2 mm in the cortical part of the rabbit femur. On the 7th, 14th and 28th days after treatment, a total of 48 New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups, namely defect (control), implant, implant + oral BHA, and implant + oral calcium lactate. Animal tests were terminated and evaluated based on X-ray radiology results, *Hematoxylin-Eosin* staining, vascular endothelial growth Factor (VEGF), osteocalcin, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and calcium levels. From this research can be concluded that Oral BHA supplementation with BHA–GEL pellet implants showed faster healing of bone defects compared to oral calcium lactate with BHA–GEL pellet implants.

**Keywords:** defect; bone remodeling; bovine hydroxyapatite; calcium lactate; BHA–GEL pellet
