**Preface to "Modelling, Monitoring, Control and Optimization for Complex Industrial Processes"**

Industrial automation systems are becoming more complex as well as expensive, leading to higher requirements for operation performance, the quality of products, productiveness, and reliability. Recent developments in modelling, monitoring, control, and optimisation techniques have enhanced the understanding of systems dynamics and boosted the applications of monitoring, control, and optimisation in complex industrial processes. This Special Issue, with papers ranging from theoretical algorithms to the experimental implementation of complex industrial processes, has highlighted advances in this field.

> **Zhiwei Gao** *Editor*
