*Article* **Revisiting Born's Rule through Uhlhorn's and Gleason's Theorems**

**Alexia Auffèves 1 and Philippe Grangier 2,\***


**Abstract:** In a previous article we presented an argumen<sup>t</sup> to obtain (or rather infer) Born's rule, based on a simple set of axioms named "Contexts, Systems and Modalities" (CSM). In this approach, there is no "emergence", but the structure of quantum mechanics can be attributed to an interplay between the quantized number of modalities that is accessible to a quantum system and the continuum of contexts that are required to define these modalities. The strong link of this derivation with Gleason's theorem was emphasized, with the argumen<sup>t</sup> that CSM provides a physical justification for Gleason's hypotheses. Here, we extend this result by showing that an essential one among these hypotheses— the need of unitary transforms to relate different contexts—can be removed and is better seen as a necessary consequence of Uhlhorn's theorem.

**Keywords:** quantum mechanics; contextuality; Gleason's theorem; Uhlhorn's theorem
