*2.3. Statistical Analysis*

Multivariate statistical analyses were performed using CANOCO 5.0 (Microcomputer Power, Ithaca, NY, USA) and Statistical Product and Service Solutions 22.0. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to verify the statistical distribution, and nonnormally distributed values were log10 transformed. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the statistically significant differences and the variance between treatments. Stepwise multiple linear regression and redundancy analysis (RDA) were conducted to determine the strength of possible relationships between soil macronutrient stocks and soil physicochemical properties at different stand ages and soil depths, respectively.
