*2.1. VOCs Sampling*

The atmospheric sampling sites of this study were the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and the Olive Dam Water Quality Automatic Monitoring Station of Jinghong. As shown in Figure 1, the Jinghong Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau is located in the city's urban center, where transportation is more frequent. The Olive Dam Water Quality Automatic Monitoring Station is located in the suburb, with relatively little human activity and transportation; it was taken as the suburban sampling control site. By sampling the urban and suburban areas, we can understand the difference in VOC species concentration in the suburban and urban areas of Jinghong City.

**Figure 1.** Sampling sites of VOCs in Jinghong.
