*2.1. Materials*

The TSC-PA composites were sintered using the powder mixture of Ti3SiC2, PbO and Ag. The average particle size of Ti3SiC<sup>2</sup> was 3 µm and its purity was ≥98%. It was purchased from Jinhezhi Materials Ltd., Beijing, China. The average particle size of PbO and Ag was 5 µm, and their purity was ≥99%. They were bought from Xilong Chemical Ltd., Shantou, China. The powder composition was 70 vol% Ti3SiC2-15 vol%PbO-15 vol%Ag. The mixture with a designated composition was blended by ball mill for 6 h. Next, it was loaded in a graphite die. In the end, it was sintered by SPS furnace (Shanghai Chenhua Electric Furnace Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) in vacuum at 1130 °C.
