**Appendix A**

Additional tables containing information about all the tested food samples and the detailed results of the food fraud simulation study are described in Section 3.3.

**Table A1.** Tested balsamic vinegar samples.


**Table A2.** Tested vanilla samples.



**Table A3.** Tested Alpine-style cheese samples.

**Table A4.** Tested coffee samples.


#### **Table A5.** Tested spices samples.


**Table A6.** Result of testing three cheese categories (Alpine-style cheeses identified as "Gruyère" manufactured from unpasteurized milk, other Alpine-style cheese produced from unpasteurized milk, Wisconsin Alpine-style cheese produced from pasteurized milk). The table reports 10 independent 5 × 2 cross-validation runs.



**Table A6.** *Cont.*

**Table A7.** Result of detecting imitation vanilla (vanillin) among real vanilla extracts. The table reports 10 independent 5 × 2 cross-validation runs.

