2.1.1. Steel Fibers

Steel fibers of DRAMIX OL 13/.16 mm from BEKAERT (Zwevegem, Belgium), illustrated in Figure 1, with the content of 1.28% in volume, were used. These were made of smooth steel of 13 mm in length, 0.16 mm in nominal diameter, aspect ratio of 81.25, Young's modulus of 200 GPa, and tensile strength of 2750 MPa.

**Figure 1.** Dramix Ol 13/.16 steel fiber from Bekaert Company.
