*2.2. Conduct the Review*

We identified 1254 studies that were related to our criteria. We examined for probable duplication inside the union of all databases' responses before continuing on to the screening procedure. After deleting the duplicates, the results for the screening were 1086, as shown in Figure 1. Moving on to the screening procedure, we assessed the suitability and quality of the collected studies using a set of quality criteria for exclusion and inclusion

**Table 1.** Keywords and search queries for the systematic literature review.

that we presented in our initial study [6] and present also in Table 2. Then, using those criteria, we looked at the abstracts and keywords of the 1086 papers. During the abstract reading, we concentrated on two qualifying criteria: Is the paper about blockchain? Is there a concept, framework or research in the article that relates to demand response management? To be eligible, papers had to fulfill both requirements. Then, 326 articles were left for review using this method. We continued to evaluate the normative literature after the screening step. We were able to exclude 110 papers because they were unrelated to the review's objective, leaving 106 research to be considered. The approach for identification, screening, and inclusion is depicted in detail in Figure 1.

**Keyword Query** blockchain blockchain AND "demand response" AND (IoV OR "Internet of Vehicles" OR "Smart Grid" OR "Smart City") AND (applications OR challenges) IoV Internet of Vehicles smart grid smart city demand response applications challenges

**Figure 1.** Identification of studies via databases (PRISMA flow diagram).

Following that, the purpose was to use the data extraction to appropriately document the knowledge gathered from the research that were included. The following information was gathered from each study:




A detailed presentation of the research findings and the extracted knowledge is provided in Sections 3 and 4.

**Table 2.** Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

