**4. Conclusions**

The main objective of the present research was to determine whether EI, resilience, and self-esteem predicted SWL in the Peruvian context. We calculated the correlations between EI, resilience, self-esteem, and SWL. We also tested the differences between men and women.

All EI dimensions had significant and positive correlations with SWL. These results are consistent with Sánchez-Álvarez et al. [39] and Xu et al. [40], who also found these variables to be correlated. Resilience had a positive association with SWL, and these results were similar to those of Lacomba-Trejo et al. [62]. Self-esteem was positively associated with SWL. The studies by Holopainen et al. [55] and Rey et al. [58] support this result.

Differences in the mean scores between men and women were evident. Men scored higher on the appraisal and recognition of emotion, self-regulation of emotion, and resilience. We found that our results aligned with other research that found that men perceive themselves to be better at regulating their emotions. Women perceive themselves to be better at appraisal and expression of emotion (see [8,42,68]). We can interpret these results in light of the maleness and patriarchal culture implanted in Peru, where the social stereotypes established for men do not allow them to connect with their emotions; however, women are free to appraise and express their emotions.

The mean scores of self-esteem for women were higher than for men. The results were consistent with Ye et al. [70] who, in a study of college students, found that women had higher self-esteem scores than men. A possible explanation for the sex differences in self-esteem is that Peruvian women have had greater access to higher education in this millennium, giving them a higher sense of empowerment and self-confidence. Regarding the resilience variable, we found higher scores for men than for women; these results are similar to those in Flórez and Sánchez [71].

Self-regulation of emotion and use of emotion predicted SWL. It was not enough to evaluate, recognize, and express emotions to experience SWL. These results are consistent with Blasco-Belled et al. [41], Cejudo et al. [43], Extremera et al. [45], Kong et al. [46], Koydemir et al. [47], and Szcygiet and Mikolajczak [48]. Acceptance of self and life predicted SWL; these results coincide with those found by Hartson et al. [63], Rasheed et al. [64], and Zhao et al. [65]; however, personal competence negatively predicted SWL. Self-esteem was the best predictor of SWL, and these results were similar to those of other studies (see [50,52,57,59]). Self-esteem, self-regulation of emotion, use of emotion, and the acceptance of self and life jointly predicted 48% of the variance in SWL, a high percentage when explaining the factors that predict SWL. We postulate that when individuals have the ability to process emotions and feel good about themselves, they are more likely to experience wellbeing. On the contrary, individuals who do not adequately regulate their emotions and have difficulty properly using their emotions experiences unhappiness and probably generates discomfort around them.

The implications of the findings relate to the need to design and implement emotional education programs that involve issues such as self-esteem, resilience, and EI to increase SWL in university students. This study contributes to understanding possible predictors of SWL in the Peruvian-Latin American context in university students.

A limitation of this study was that we used a sample of university students, which do not allow us to generalize the results to other populations such as children, adolescents, and adults. In addition, the sample was primarily made up of women, which could affect the results. We sugges<sup>t</sup> equating the numbers of men and women in the sample in future studies. It is necessary to replicate this research with students pursuing other professional careers to analyze the behavior of these variables. Finally, we sugges<sup>t</sup> including the affective component of subjective wellbeing in future studies.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, V.V.-P., A.L.R.d.S., R.D.-M. and L.M.Z.; methodology, V.V.-P., A.L.R.d.S., R.D.-M. and L.M.Z.; investigation, V.V.-P., A.L.R.d.S., R.D.-M. and L.M.Z.; writing— original draft preparation, V.V.-P., A.L.R.d.S., R.D.-M. and L.M.Z.; writing—review and editing, V.V.-P., A.L.R.d.S., R.D.-M. and L.M.Z.; supervision, V.V.-P.; funding acquisition, V.V.-P. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research was funded by competitive funds of the Vice-Rectorate for Research of the Universidad Católica de Santa María de Arequipa, Peru (resolution 28048-R-2021).

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee of the Universidad Católica de Santa María (protocol code 015-22).

**Informed Consent Statement:** Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

**Data Availability Statement:** The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to we also require the authorization of the Vice-Rectorate for Research of Universidad Católica de Santa María.

**Acknowledgments:** The authors appreciate the financial support of the Universidad Católica de Santa María de Arequipa, Peru.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
