*4.11. Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress and Gut Integrity Biomarkers*

Hs-CRP was determined at CHU of Québec (QC, Canada) using immunonephelometric technique (Siemens BN Prospec, Siemens Healthineers, Oakville, ON, Canada). Interleukin-6 was measured in plasma using Multiplex kits (EMD Millipore, Etobicoke, ON, Canada), and plates were read using Bio-Plex 200 system (Bio-Rad, Mississauga, ON, Canada). Total F2-isoprostane (as 8-iso-PGF2<sup>α</sup> isomer) level from non-enzymatic peroxidation of arachidonic acid, a biomarker of oxidative stress, was measured in plasma, as previously described [63]. The latter analyses were conducted at the Québec Heart and Lung Institute (QC, Canada). LBP and zonulin were determined in plasma using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits from Biomatik (Cambridge, ON, Canada). The analyses were conducted at the Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (QC, Canada).
