*2.1. Research Review on the Environmental Component of Innovative Regional Systems*

The last decade has been marked by significant interest in scientific circles worldwide in terms of combating climate change and greening national economic systems. For example, van den Berg, Hof and van Soest studied the implications of different approaches to effort sharing on national carbon budgets and emission trajectories [5]. Extensive coverage of the impact of environmental and energy aspects on economic development in the studies of Olczak et al. [6–8] highlighted the issue of regional financial subsidies of sectoral programmes. The main result of the assessment of the impact of bioenergy on sectoral decarbonisation [9,10] is the fact that almost all scenarios of development and transformation of EU energy by 2050 contain forecasts of strategic long-term development of bioenergy, implementation of the "green transition" and decarbonisation of energy-intensive sectors.

Driven by the scientific interest in the ecological component of innovative regional systems, research [11,12] has revealed that in a decentralised model of government in Ukraine, the formation of effective policies for regional eco-innovation will be one of the important endogenous factors in achieving sustainable development.

Sectoral energy efficiency measures and the investment component for their implementation [13] and industrial "green" transformation on the way to decarbonisation [14] have shown that they are the keys to achieving the energy independence of communities and a competitive economy.

Legal and regulatory aspects of greening and compliance with the regulatory regulations of processes [15–17] allowed the substantiation of recommendations for improving regulations, particularly the movement of energy cooperation in Ukraine, and improving the effectiveness of energy efficiency policies and energy security.

Studies have also analysed the impact of support mechanisms on decarbonisation [18–20]. The findings indicate that instruments such as capacity markets can slow the process of decarbonisation in countries that are highly dependent on fossil fuels [21–23]. However, supporting renewable sources and the hydrogen economy can accelerate this process in these regions [24–26].

At the same time, we should note the lack of research on national and regional greening, decarbonisation and the impact of decentralisation processes on energy efficiency, especially

given the challenges of the postwar organisation of the country's structural policy and significant changes in identifying leading industry drivers of Ukraine's effective development. The system of decarbonisation needs to be systematised and analysed, with the conclusion that a comprehensive, integrated model is needed in modern Ukrainian conditions.
