**5. Conclusions**

Perceived health status may be influenced by many factors, both environmental and personal. Among them, the overall level of physical fitness, which includes cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, and flexibility, among others, seem to be central determinants for the perception of adolescents' health. Accordingly, sports club participation and overall leisure time physical activities appear to be critical correlates of perceived health. In addition, screen time needs to be considered in strategies targeting health in adolescents. Therefore, future investigations/approaches should be multifocal and include robust physical fitness developmental plans through physical education curricula in school while also emphasizing participation in organized sport club activities and replacing sedentary leisure time, such as screen time, with more active tasks. All these attempts/interventions may enhance youth health literacy as well, which could reduce other detrimental health behaviors such as smoking and alcohol consumption. Any intervention should also include parental counseling and a coordinated effort of families, teachers, and administrators in order to pursue appropriate strategies targeting the diverse contributors of adolescents' health.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, G.R. and K.G.; methodology, G.R. and V.P.; software, M.N. and A.C.; validation, A.C. and C.D.; formal analysis, M.N. and C.D.; investigation, V.P. and K.L.; resources, G.R. and K.G.; data curation, A.C. and K.W.; writing—original draft preparation, A.C.; writing—review and editing, K.W., G.R. and K.L.; supervision, K.G.; project administration, G.R., K.G. and C.D. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research received no external funding.

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and protocol was approved by the Board for Ethical issues of the University of Innsbruck, Austria (Certificate of Good Standing 73/2021), and the school authorities of the federal state as well as the school board of each participating school.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

**Data Availability Statement:** Data from this study are not public due to privacy policies and are available upon request to the corresponding author.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
