**5. Conclusions**

In this work, a new indirect DSC measuring method is presented, which allows the reconstruction of DSC heating curves of fast and/or non-linear heat treatments, which were not previously assessable with DSC. Due to the combination of direct and indirect DSC, a very wide range of heating rates from 0.01 to a few 100 Ks−<sup>1</sup> has been investigated, using the example of aluminum alloys, including short-term laser heat treatment and welding.

For this purpose, a large number of samples, with unknown transformational behavior, were subjected to the heat treatment of interest. This initial heat treatment must not be done in a DSC, but can be performed in any suitable controlled device, e.g., a quenching dilatometer. The heat treatment of interest was interrupted at certain points and the samples were quenched as quickly as possible in order to freeze the existing material state. These samples were then reheated at a measurable heating rate in a conventional DSC. The reconstruction of the pertinent heating curves is possible at discrete temperature steps. In this work, a temperature step of 25 K was used, which resulted in about 100 individual DSC measurements per reconstructed DSC curve.

Advantages of indirect DSC are as follows:


Disadvantages of indirect DSC are as follows:


**Author Contributions:** H.F., M.R., B.M., and O.K. conceived and designed the experiments; H.F. performed the experiments and analysed the data; H.F., M.R., B.M., and O.K. discussed and interpreted the results together; H.F. wrote the paper.

**Funding:** This research was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), within the scope of the research project Improvement of formability of extruded aluminium profiles by a local short-term heat treatment (DFG KE616/22-2).

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
