**8. UV Protective Properties of Untreatedand Treated Polyester Fabrics with ZnO or TiO2 Nanoparticles NPs**

The UV protection factor (UPF) was calculated to obtain ultraviolet-protective qualities. UPF is a characteristic that endows materials such as polyester textiles with ultraviolet protection properties. Table 6 shows UV blocking data for polyester fabrics treated with ZnO or TiO2 nanoparticles. According to the UPF data in Table 6, treated polyester fabrics with ZnO nanoparticles had UPF values of 173.25 for disperse dye **26a** and 190.59 for disperse dye **26b**, respectively. This shows that treated polyester fabrics with dye **26a** have UPF values that are significantly higher than treated polyester fabrics with dye **26b**.Table 6 further demonstrates that treated polyester fabrics have higher UPF values than untreated polyester fabrics, with respective values of 141.88 for dye **26a** and 122.37 for dye **26b**. Additionally, the UPF data in Table 6 shows that treated polyester fabrics with TiO2 nanoparticles have UPF values of 283.60 for disperse dye **22h** and 34.9 for disperse dye **22i**, respectively. This shows that treated polyester fabrics with dye **22h** have much higher UPF values than treated polyester fabrics with dye **22i**. Table 6 further demonstrates

that treated polyester fabrics have higher UPF values than untreated polyester fabrics, with values of 236.2 for dye **22h** and 25.5 for dye **22i**, respectively.


**Table 6.** UPF of treated polyester fabrics with ZnO or TiO2 NPs \*.

\* Treatment of polyester fabrics by ZnO or TiO2 NPs: The dyed polyester fabrics were treated with ZnO or TiO2 nanoparticles via the exhaustion method. The fabrics were treated with five different percentages of TiO2 nanoparticles (0.5–2.5% weight of fabric for ZnO or 1–5% weight of fabric for TiO2) at 80 ◦C for 20 min, the liquorratio of the exhaustion bath was 1:30.The polyester fabrics were squeezed to remove the excess dispersion and dried in an oven at 70 ◦C for 15 min. under atmospheric pressure (dry heat).The treated polyester fabrics were cured at 140 ◦C for 10 min. Finally treated fabrics were washed at 60 ◦C for 20 min. in an aqueous solution with a liquor ratio of 1:30 containing 3 g/L nonionic detergent solution (Hostapal, Clariant), then left for drying. The drying step was carried out on a horizontal flat surface. Titanium(IV) oxide TiO2 NPs: Nano powder, 21 nm primary particle size (Tem), ≥99.5% trace metals basis, Lot # MKBV3126V was purchased as 718467-100Gfrom ALDRICH Chemistry.
