**4. Conclusions**

A set of CFD simulations were performed in single-side point exhaust tunnels with different smoke exhaust rates to explore the impact of the number of smoke vents on smoke control, temperature profile, and smoke exhaust efficiency. The main conclusions are as follows:


This paper mainly studied the smoke and temperature control of a centralized smoke exhaust tunnel, discussed the smoke exhaust effect when there are different numbers of smoke outlets, solved the fire ventilation design of Mawan tunnel, and provided a reference for a similar tunnel fire ventilation design. A study on the temperature field of a single-side point exhaust tunnel fire, especially the maximum temperature, will be carried out in further model tests.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, L.T. and Y.Z.; methodology, L.T. and Y.Z.; software, L.T.; validation, L.T.; formal analysis, L.T. and Y.Z.; data curation, L.T.; writing—original draft preparation, L.T. and Y.Z.; writing—original draft preparation, L.T. and Y.Z.; writing—review and editing, L.T. and Y.Z.; project administration, Y.Z.; funding acquisition, Y.Z.; All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This work was supported by the National Natural Foundation of China (No. 52178394).

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.

**Data Availability Statement:** Not applicable.

**Acknowledgments:** The authors greatly appreciate the financial support of the Shenzhen Transportation Public Facilities Construction Center.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no potential conflict of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
