*Review* **Development of Bottom-Blowing Copper Smelting Technology: A Review**

**Baojun Zhao \* and Jinfa Liao**

Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; liaojinfa678@outlook.com

**\*** Correspondence: bzhao@jxust.edu.cn

**Abstract:** Bottom-blowing copper smelting technology was initiated and developed in China in the 1990s. Injection of oxygen-enriched high-pressure gas strongly stirs the molten bath consisting of matte and slag. Rapid reaction at relatively lower temperatures and good adaptability of the feed materials are the main advantages of this technology. Development and optimisation of bottomblowing copper smelting technology were supported by extensive studies on the thermodynamics of the slag and the fluid dynamic of the molten bath. The history of technological development and fundamental studies related to this technology are reviewed in this paper.

**Keywords:** copper smelting; bottom-blowing; SKS; slag; fluid dynamic
