*4.2. Influence of Energy Literacy on Tourism Development in Ethnic Villages* 4.2.1. Effect of Residents' Energy Literacy on Tourists' Energy Literacy

The host-tourist relationship has always been central to the tourism development process. Along with tourism growth, energy consumption for restaurants, accommodation, and transportation has shown a growing trend. To properly reduce energy consumption and achieve energy savings and emission reduction in tourism activities, it is necessary for residents and tourists to focus on the input and use of energy products in tourism activities. Ethnic residents are the main actors in the operation of tourism activities and local culture, particularly in ethnic tourism areas. As hosts, the improvement in the energy literacy of residents can have a positive effect on the behavior of tourists.

Guiding Tourists to Focus on Energy and Acquiring Energy Knowledge in Tourism

As residents become more energy-literate, they apply their energy-related knowledge to tourism activities, allowing visitors to gain energy-related knowledge while enjoying the tourist landscape. For example, warning signs stating "please protect water sources" have been installed at prominent locations in the terraced landscape. In the tourist accommodation, there are various warning signs about water and electricity conservation and attention to fire prevention to ensure tourists are aware of the importance of traditional energy sources, such as water, electricity, and fire, to the village during their activities. In addition, residents use their own energy knowledge to guide tourists about energy concerns. For example, they remind tourists about fire in their communication with them; they also caution them about most of their houses being wooden structures and the consequences a fire can have on their village. To reduce costs, residents are actively concerned about the consumption of water, electricity, and other energy sources and, therefore, proactively use new energy-related products to save energy and reduce emissions in tourism. Residents who provide tourist accommodation S05 mentioned,

*"It's cooler here at night, so locals don't use air conditioning, but tourists do, and they wouldn't stay without it, so we have to install air conditioning in every room and remind them to turn it off when they go on tours."*

In these ways, tourists can also feel the concern of the locals in conserving energy and, thus, understand the importance of energy use for water use in the terraces and for tourism in the villages, which essentially also raises their own energy awareness.

Guiding the Attention of Tourists to the Impact of Energy Consumption Based on Energy Attitudes

Given the ecological fragility of terraces, it is important to understand the impact of energy consumption on terraced-tourism development. Residents have a clear understanding of the environmental impact of excessive energy consumption, such as the impact of cleaning chemicals on water sources and, consequently, food production. Therefore, they try to reduce the use of cleaning products or frequency of cleaning and guide visitors to replace items, such as sheets and towels, as little as possible during continuous stays or send these washed items out of the resort. Because residents recognize that plastic products are harmful to the soil and water supply because they cannot degrade, they guide visitors to reduce the use of plastic products in tourist catering to reduce the impact on the soil on which the terraces depend.
