*Article* **Impact of Local Scour around a Bridge Pier on Migration of Waved-Shape Accumulation of Ice Particles under an Ice Cover**

**Zhixing Hou <sup>1</sup> , Jun Wang 1,\*, Jueyi Sui 2,\*, Feihu Song <sup>1</sup> and Zhicong Li <sup>1</sup>**


**Abstract:** The migration of a waved-shape accumulation of ice particles under an ice cover (referred to as "ice wave" in this study) is a phenomenon of transport of ice particles during an ice accumulation process in rivers. The migration of an ice wave will affect the pier scour. On the other hand, the local scour at the pier will affect the migration of ice waves. The interaction between the migration of ice waves and local scour around a pier is a very complicated process since not only the channel bed deforms, but also the ice jam develops simultaneously. By conducting a series of flume experiments, the interaction between the local scour around bridge piers and the migration of ice waves was studied. By applying both continuity and momentum equations, an empirical equation has been derived for predicting the thickness of ice waves around the pier. The impacts of the scour hole on the thickness of ice waves around the pier have been studied. The thickness of the wave crest and the migration speed of ice waves have been investigated. Similar to a scour hole in a sand bed, an "ice scour hole" appeared at the bottom of the ice jam around the pier. The existence of the "ice scour hole" affects the development of ice waves. A formula for calculating ice transport capacity has been obtained. Results calculated using the derived formula are in good agreement with those of laboratory experiments.

**Keywords:** bridge piers; ice jam; local scour; transverse thickness distribution; ice wave crest; wavedshape accumulation of ice particles (ice wave)
