*Article* **AI Based Digital Twin Model for Cattle Caring**

**Xue Han 1,\*,†, Zihuai Lin 1,†, Cameron Clark 2,†, Branka Vucetic 1 and Sabrina Lomax 2**


**Abstract:** In this paper, we develop innovative digital twins of cattle status that are powered by artificial intelligence (AI). The work is built on a farm IoT system that remotely monitors and tracks the state of cattle. A digital twin model of cattle based on Deep Learning (DL) is generated using the sensor data acquired from the farm IoT system. The physiological cycle of cattle can be monitored in real time, and the state of the next physiological cycle of cattle can be anticipated using this model. The basis of this work is the vast amount of data that is required to validate the legitimacy of the digital twins model. In terms of behavioural state, this digital twin model has high accuracy, and the loss error of training reach about 0.580 and the loss error of predicting the next behaviour state of cattle is about 5.197 after optimization. The digital twins model developed in this work can be used to forecast the cattle's future time budget.

**Keywords:** digital twin; AI; deep learning; LSTM model
