*Article* **Device-to-Device (D2D) Multi-Criteria Learning Algorithm Using Secured Sensors**

**Khalid Haseeb 1, Amjad Rehman 2, Tanzila Saba 2, Saeed Ali Bahaj 3 and Jaime Lloret 4,5,\***


**Abstract:** Wireless networks and the Internet of things (IoT) have proven rapid growth in the development and managemen<sup>t</sup> of smart environments. These technologies are applied in numerous research fields, such as security surveillance, Internet of vehicles, medical systems, etc. The sensor technologies and IoT devices are cooperative and allow the collection of unpredictable factors from the observing field. However, the constraint resources of distributed battery-powered sensors decrease the energy efficiency of the IoT network and increase the delay in receiving the network data on users' devices. It is observed that many solutions are proposed to overcome the energy deficiency in smart applications; though, due to the mobility of the nodes, lots of communication incurs frequent data discontinuity, compromising the data trust. Therefore, this work introduces a D2D multi-criteria learning algorithm for IoT networks using secured sensors, which aims to improve the data exchange without imposing additional costs and data diverting for mobile sensors. Moreover, it reduces the compromising threats in the presence of anonymous devices and increases the trustworthiness of the IoT-enabled communication system with the support of machine learning. The proposed work was tested and analyzed using broad simulation-based experiments and demonstrated the significantly improved performance of the packet delivery ratio by 17%, packet disturbances by 31%, data delay by 22%, energy consumption by 24%, and computational complexity by 37% for realistic network configurations.

**Keywords:** wireless systems; mobile sensors; D2D; technological development; Internet of things
