*Article* **Research on the Impact-Induced Deflagration Behavior by Aluminum/Teflon Projectile**

**Jianguang Xiao 1,2,\*, Yanxin Wang 1, Dongmo Zhou 1, Chenglong He 1,2 and Xiangrong Li 3,\***


**Abstract:** Although the ignition-and-growth model can simulate the ignition and detonation behavior of traditional energy materials well, it seems insufficient to simulate the impact-induced deflagration behavior of reactive materials (RMs) using current finite element codes due to their more complicated ignition threshold and lower reaction rates. Therefore, a simulation method for the impact-induced deflagration behavior of a reactive materials projectile (RMP) is developed by introducing tunable ignition threshold conditions for RMs, and a user-defined subroutine is formed by the secondary development on the equation of state (EOS). High-velocity impact experiments were performed to prove the validity of simulations. The results show that the user-defined subroutine for RMs is competent in simulating the ignition and deflagration behavior under impact conditions, because the reaction ratio, morphology and temperature distribution of RMP fragments are all well consistent with experiments, theory, and current reports from other researchers. In this way, the quantitative study on the deflagration reaction of RMs can be implemented and relevant mechanisms are revealed more clearly.

**Keywords:** reactive materials; impact-induced deflagration; simulation; ignition behavior; reaction ratio; temperature distribution
