*Article* **Application of Glass Waste on Red Ceramic to Improve Sintering**

**Geovana Delaqua 1,\*, Juan Magalhães <sup>1</sup> , Markssuel Marvila <sup>1</sup> , Fernando Vernilli, Jr. <sup>2</sup> , Sérgio Monteiro <sup>3</sup> , Henry Colorado <sup>4</sup> and Carlos Vieira <sup>1</sup>**


**Abstract:** Given the current huge generation of solid waste worldwide, alternative and innovative methodologies for incorporating these materials should be encouraged elsewhere. In this context, the objective of this research is to evaluate the use of glass waste as a substitute for sand as raw material in ceramics. Formulations containing from 0% to 20% of glass waste were produced, thus replacing natural sand. Extruded and calcined specimens were produced at temperatures of 800, 900 and 1000 ◦C. The characterization results demonstrated the compatibility and their potential for the glass waste for improving the properties of ceramics. Results of density, water absorption and flexural strength improved when 20% of glass waste was added due to the porosity reduction, provided by the formation of a liquid phase and then by a sintering, promoted by the glass waste. This resulted in coherent properties with ceramic applications in the form of tiles and blocks, at a calcining temperature of 800 ◦C. On the contrary, results without glass did not reach the necessary parameters even at 1000 ◦C. In conclusion, the feasibility of using glass waste has been proven, which, in addition to improving the material's properties, provides economy benefits for the ceramic industry, with the calcination process at milder temperatures.

**Keywords:** glass waste; sand; liquid phase; reuse
