**5. Conclusions**

Vaccination of humans with Prevenar-13 did not significantly increase PC-specific antibodies and oxLDL-specific antibodies nor resulted in significant changes in plasma lipids. Nevertheless, subgroup analyses suggested an induction of PC-specific and oxLDL-specific IgM and IgG in individuals receiving two doses six months apart. Future research should investigate alternative pneumococcal vaccines (driving more significant anti-PC antibody responses), vaccination regimens, or study populations, to confirm or refute the hypothesis that molecular mimicry underlying pneumococcal-driven anti-oxLDL responses as observed in mice occurs in humans.

**Supplementary Materials:** The following are available online at http://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/9/11/345/s1, Figure S1: Prevenar-specific and phosphorylcholine-specific IgG subclass responses.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization: P.G., M.M., J.K., J.B. and C.J.B.; methodology: J.K., J.B., C.J.B., P.G., M.M.; software: E.S.K.; formal analysis: H.W.G., P.G., M.O.K., E.S.K.; investigation: P.G., C.J.B., M.O.K.; resources: J.B., C.J.B., J.K.; writing-original draft preparation: H.W.G., P.G., writing-review and editing: all authors, visualization: H.W.G., E.S.K.; supervision: M.M., J.B., J.K., C.J.B.;.; project administration: P.G., M.M., J.K., C.J.B.; funding acquisition: J.B., J.K., B.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research was funded by the European union, Call: FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION, project ID 603131.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
