2.2.11. Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function–Self-Report Version (BRIEF-SR)

The French version of the BRIEF-SR is an 80-item self-reported questionnaire developed to assess adolescents' views (11–19 years old) of their own executive functions or self-regulatory strengths and weaknesses in their everyday life [52,53]. Items are scored on a 3-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (Never) to 3 (Often), and assess the frequency of some behaviors in the last six months. Items can be regrouped in a global score (Global Executive Composite; GEC) or in two indexes (Behavioural Regulation Index (BRI); and Metacognition Index (MI)). The Behavioural Regulation Index (BRI) includes subscales for Inhibition, Shift, Emotional Control and Monitoring, and the Metacognition Index (MI) includes subscales for Working Memory, Planning/Organize, Organization of Materials and Task Completion. T-scores are created for each subscale; a score between 60 and 64 indicates mildly elevated difficulties and a score of 65 and higher indicates clinical significant difficulties. Cronbach's alphas in the larger study were 0.83 for the BRI, 0.89 for the MI., and 0.81 for the GEC. For the present study, they were respectively of 0.80, 0.83, and 0.83.

#### *2.3. Data Analysis*

SPSS, version 24.0, was used for statistical analyses. Some of the variables of interest were transformed using windsorized transformation (MTT Total incorrect, MTT Incongruent cost, MTT Multitasking cost, and RVL Response latency), or using a combination of a windsorized and a logarithmic transformation (binge eating and depressive symptoms), considering their non-normal distributions [54]. Then, group comparisons were performed to compare both groups (high FA group and control group), on all variables of interest (MANOVAs and ANOVAs).

A one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was firstly performed to compare groups, considering the moderate correlations between the following variables: binge eating, depressive, and anxiety symptoms, as well as on impulsivity (Urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance), and self-reported executive functioning difficulties (Global Executive Composite), in order to corroborate the results from our previous study [31]. Thereafter, another one-way MANOVA was performed on all CANTAB outcomes previously described (see Measures section). More specifically, outcomes of interest were regrouped by task in the same analysis, considering their theoretical relationships under the same cognitive constructs. The latter were followed by univariate analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and descriptive analyses on all variables of interest, in order to document the severity of symptoms and difficulties in both groups. In order to quantify group comparisons' effect sizes, partial eta-squared values were calculated and interpreted following Cohen's guidelines (small ≥ 0.01; medium ≥ 0.06; large ≥ 0.14) [55].
