**Understanding**

U1—Human Development Index (HDI): to understand the state of vulnerability, it is proposed to use an index capable of defining the state of well-being of people and the social (as well the natural) environment where they live. The aim is to count with better tools to understand the actual needs of the community and the emergency fronts to intervene with priority. With the HDI, we refer to the dimension of a healthy life, knowledge and decent standard of living.

U2—Economic poverty: an essential dimension to understand the level of vulnerability is the economic poverty. This type of poverty, in fact, limits the resilience of communities, weakening the ability of people to cope with sudden changes which, it is assumed, will be increasingly frequent in the near future. Furthermore, understanding when a community is in situations of economic poverty allows us to understand how much it is possible to propose entrepreneurship initiatives in the context.

U3—Energy Poverty: one of the dimensions of poverty that must be assumed to understand the state of vulnerability is the energy poverty. In a world that consumes more and more energy, in fact, being able to count with the availability of reliable energy resources will be increasingly necessary. This means being able to count on a local and clean production, independent, as much as possible, from external resources.

U4—Strategic Alliances: the fact that the concept of "partnership" represents the objective that completes the list of 17 SDGs represents how strategic alliances are a key aspect for promoting community improvement initiatives and projects. This is even more true if we want to understand vulnerabilities in local communities, where strategic alliances

can make visible the invisible demands and can attract resources for the implementation of interventions.
