**Strategies**

S1—Temporary relief and lasting solutions: urban-architectural intervention aimed at reducing the vulnerability of a community can address two main strategies. On one hand, the need to intervene with a temporary solution that is easy to implement, so to provide the solution to an emergency, without the need for it to last beyond the initial moment of the crisis. On the other hand, the need to have an intervention that can accompany the community to gradually emerge from the condition of vulnerability.

S2—Technology as instruments of citizen participation: the possible support of technology tools is considered a very relevant strategy to facilitate discussion and emancipation of the most vulnerable communities. Technological resources must not and cannot be considered extraneous to these contexts.

S3—Holistic approach: strategies to generate effective solutions must consider phenomena from different perspectives to allow problems and opportunities to be perceived from different points of view.

S4—Integration with the formal environment: reducing vulnerability in the communities passes from the possibility of interacting in an official way with the more formal (and less vulnerable) communities present in the closest context. This strategy aims of reducing the perception and the effective segregation of vulnerable communities.

S5—Heritage and residual spaces: strategies based on the possibility of regenerating existing environments with cultural or historical value, as well as residual spaces within a community, represent an opportunity to activate social initiatives and the feeling of belonging to the community, which can reduce vulnerability levels.

S6—Opportunities for entrepreneurship: creating opportunities for people to develop local entrepreneurship initiatives is an excellent strategy to reduce the levels of vulnerability in a community. Counting with an environment that offers opportunities to start

some business (albeit small), as well as spaces where to hold professional consultancy, is very important.

Based on this list of emerging topics, one of the main peculiarities of this research can be observed: challenges, understanding, focusing, and strategies highlight issues that are already addressed by the academic literature in the field of design. The peculiarity, to be underlined, here, is that these issues have never been considered together and within a process of design with vulnerable communities.

## **Appendix E**

#### **Project 1 "Networks and nodes"**


#### **Project 2 "Sense of belonging"**


#### **Project 3 "Community management"**


#### **Project 4 "Ecological corridor"**


#### **Project 5 "Tourist route"**

