4.2.1. Biological-Genetic Risk Factors

The strongest known susceptibility locus for obesity is the fat mass and obesityassociated (FTO) gene [47–49]. Even though it is not fully clear how FTO variants influence obesity, FTO associations with several EDs, including BED, are apparent [50]. Indeed, variants of the FTO gene are associated with poor behavioural regulation and BED, suggesting a genetic role in the pathogenesis of this disorder [50]. Genetic factors notably influence the regulation of neural circuits by controlling the appetite and satiety pathways, as well as the regulation of brain reward systems. Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in genes linked to hypothalamic appetite and satiety mechanisms may be involved in the development of EDs related to obesity such as BED and BN [51].
