*2.2. Measures*

#### 2.2.1. Main Outcomes

This study examined how different barrier profiles influenced the effect of PN interventions on four separate outcomes—engagement in HIV care at 6 months, engagemen<sup>t</sup> in HIV care at 12 months, viral suppression at 6 months, and viral suppression at 12 months. Engagemen<sup>t</sup> in care was measured as a binary variable. Participants were considered "in care" if they self-reported affirmative responses to two questions: "During the past 6 months, did you go to any hospital clinic, hospital outpatient department, community clinic or neighborhood health center for medical care, for example, to care for your HIV/AIDS or other physical problems?" and "If Yes, were any of these HIV primary care visits?" HIV viral load was clinically measured from blood drawn at the 6 and 12-month study visits, or as abstracted from medical records if patients did not attend these visits. The outcome was treated as a binary variable, with a viral load ≤ 200 copies/mL defined as "suppressed" and a viral load > 200 copies/mL defined as "unsuppressed".
