*6.3. Practical Contributions*

Our study also carries some practical implications for the prevention of COVID-19.

First, the government should not only develop functionally advanced DCTAs, but it should also have the ability to enforce their strict use nationwide. Meanwhile, the digital divide in the pandemic is worsening [23], making it difficult for many elderly and lowincome people to use DCTAs because of accessibility issues. This requires the government to find ways to solve the tracking problem for this sector of the population, and the Chinese government's practice in this regard is worth learning from and promoting. In many areas of China, people who do not have electronic devices and have difficulty using DCTAs only need to bring their ID cards when they travel, while public transportation drivers and staff in public places can use the "register and present for others" feature of a DCTA to help them overcome the digital divide caused by the adoption of digital technology.

Second, the tracking accuracy of a DCTA must be further optimized. This helps reduce the perceived inconvenience of life caused by DCTA. People worry about being wrongly isolated or pursued because of wrong tracking by a DCTA, which may be due to the layout of wireless base stations. When different areas are covered by the same base station, the tracking may be confused, resulting in location misclassification. Therefore, the developers of DCTAs should work with wireless network providers to optimize the location algorithm and base station distribution to reduce their chances of being mislocated.

Third, a special governmental supervision department should be established to implement confidential supervision of people's tracking information through legislation and relevant technical measures and make timely adjustments to the errors that occur.

Finally, DCTA is only a precautionary measure that had to be taken to prevent COVID-19. The government should continuously adjust the level of DCTA use according to the changing situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. The inconvenience caused by the overuse of DCTAs to people's daily lives and their negative emotions should be reduced.
