3.2.1. RQ1: Changes in the Number of Mental Health Apps Users

We first compared the number of mental health app users between 2019 and 2020. The results, *χ*2(df = 1, N = 933) = 4.77, *p* = 0.029, show that the relationship is significant with an effect size, w = 0.071. Compared to 2019, the number of users increased in 2020. Furthermore, when comparing the years with age in 2019, the results, *χ*2(df = 1, N = 376) = 15.86, *p <* 0.001, showed the relationship to be significant, with an effect size of w = 0.21. Adults were more likely to be users of mental health apps compared to emerging adults. There

was no significant difference between the change in the number of adult and emerging adult users in 2020. No significant relationship was found between gender and mental health app users, whether within 2019 or 2020.

#### **Figure 2.** Usage sparsity for a sample of 40 users from 2020.
