2.4.1. Logo and Graphic Identity

The design of the logo and the graphic identity of the campaign were part of the methodology of the "Understanding COVID" strategy (Figure 4). Reaching the public, involving them in their health decisions and reflecting on the available evidence were the core of the starting elements for the design of the logo and the graphic identity of the strategy.

**Figure 4.** Understanding COVID: logo development.

2.4.2. Web Page

An independent web page (www.entendercovid.es, accessed on 1 February 2023) with free and open access was developed, which provided access to all the informative material

of the strategy, including documents, ad hoc infographics and videos. The web page also had an interactive virtual space for solving doubts, as well as suggestions and actions for the campaign. The accessibility of the page was reviewed from its design by the Spanish National Organization for the Blind to guarantee inclusiveness. In addition, the videos were designed to include sign language for the deaf community. The following principles were taken into account when designing the website:


The web page is made up of:


According to Google Analytics web service, during the study period (March 2021– January 2022), the web page received 7080 visits from 5842 users (1.20 sessions per user). On each visit, users viewed an average of 1.70 pages from the main web page. The bounce rate, that is, the percentage of visitors who left the web page without taking any action, was 76%. Accesses to the web page were highest immediately after its creation, with a maximum of 500 weekly visitors between April and May 2021, and especially in December 2021, the week before the Christmas period, with more than 1000 weekly entries.

Of all the users of the web page, the age group most represented was that of 25–34 years (33.5%), followed by the group of 18–24 (24.5%), the group of 35–44 (15.5%) and that of 45–54 years (12.5%). Finally, those over 55 years of age accounted for 11% of accesses. Regarding sex, the percentage of men (54.2%) was slightly higher than that of women (45.8%).

In the analysis by country, accesses from Spain stood out (82.0%). Overall, Spanishspeaking countries accounted for more than 89.9% of accesses. Of the remaining percentage, the United States stood out with 2.08% and China with 1.90%. Finally, the devices used to access the website are shown in Figure 5.

#### 2.4.3. Actions for the Child and Adolescent Population

Following the WHO recommendations in times of pandemic fatigue, co-creation and participatory actions for the underage population were designed.

First, a creative contest for adolescents (from 12 to 18 years old) was run. In addition to the previously described adapted training sessions, a creative contest was held in collaboration with the Asturian Ministry of Education for the involvement of adolescents. First, an email was sent in April 2021 to all educational centers that provide secondary

education, high school, and vocational training with an invitation and instructions for participation. The email contained a training video to be viewed in class with the students, which was definitively projected in 954 classrooms. The teachers encouraged debate and reflection on its content, and later, the students voluntarily created a creative product to compete in one of the following modalities: audiovisual, written, poster, and free creative. Campaign promoters received 111 creations of the four modalities, each one from a classroom of students between 12 and 16 years of age. In May 2021, the awards were delivered in a collaborative virtual ceremony organized by the Departments of Health and Education.

**Figure 5.** Device distribution.

Second, a handwashing campaign called "*Bichos fuera*" (Bugs out!) was carried out in the Early Childhood and Primary Education Centers (from 3 to 11 years old). The teachers wrote the lyrics of a song in the Asturian language, designed the music, and devised the choreography and staging of the song "Bugs out!". A video was recorded where the protagonists were the children (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vU1Kphiukdw, accessed on 1 February 2023). Classroom materials were also designed, such as cards and games. All the material was summarized in a guide for teachers (Supplementary Figure S1).

#### 2.4.4. Complementary Actions to Highly Exposed Workers/People

Some complementary actions were also carried out for specific activity sectors with high exposure to COVID-19 infection. For instance, a protocol for safe actions against COVID-19 was carried out during the celebration of Catholic masses indoors, with its corresponding posters ("Safe churches help us stop the COVID and reduce risks"). Moreover, a campaign called "First Quality Air" (Aire de Primera) was specifically designed for the hotel industry. Taking advantage of the Asturias tourist campaign "Asturias, Natural Paradise", which promotes its pure and clean natural environment, posters of "First Quality Air" were prepared with COVID-19 protection measures to be used in hospitality and tourism establishments (Supplementary Figure S2).

### 2.4.5. Other Dissemination Actions

To reinforce as well as to make room for consultation and reminders of the above elements, we also designed: (1) visual presentations with educational material adapted to different groups; (2) co-design of materials and recruitment mailings; (3) dissemination through social networks (Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp) and mailing; and (4) a YouTube channel to host educational videos with simultaneous recording in sign language. The channel definitively hosted 10 training videos that had a total of 3,866 views.
