*2.2. Informative Content*

In order to prepare the contents of the "Understanding COVID" strategy, the needs expressed by the citizens and identified in the previous phase were taken into consideration. These needs were articulated around four core themes:


Next, personnel trained in documentation and communication conducted a search for all the information available at that time in different sources: scientific literature (PubMed and Web of Science), gray literature, expert information (documents and explanatory videos), documentation of official health agencies and web resources. Finally, the relevant information was analyzed and synthesized by a group of experts and distributed in the communication channels of the "Understanding COVID" strategy: one created the informative content on the web (in text, in video or in infographics) and others for online training. The contents were continuously reviewed to ensure the maximum topicality of the information that was so changing at that time, to adapt it and adapt it to an understandable language for the different target audiences, as well as to align the messages with the policies that were required in terms of prevention and protection by the authority at any given time.

As a result, more than 150 documentary sources were consulted. A total of 10 sections containing the most relevant information were grouped together, and 50 subsections of key information (Figure 2), with 55 infographics and videos.

#### *2.3. Digital Health Literacy*

The central methodological pillar of the "Understanding COVID" strategy was the live training sessions. The sessions were virtual, using the office tool "Microsoft Teams", which allows access via smartphone (preferred), PC or tablet without the need to install any type of software. The sessions lasted 60–90 min and were structured into two welldifferentiated parts: a first part where updated information on the pandemic was presented (30–45 min), and a second part where there was free time for questions from attendees to resolve doubts and explore their needs and barriers to implement protection measures (30–45 min). During the design phase of the training sessions, special emphasis was placed on adapting the content, images and language to vulnerable populations (e.g., residents of rural areas, Roma, caregivers, etc.). In addition, attention was paid to adapting the temporary programming of the sessions to the working hours of the professional groups.

For the development of the online training sessions and the recruitment of attendees, there was a collaboration from 54 municipalities of Asturias (out of a total of 78, or 69.2%) that adhered to the strategy. Likewise, the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Tourism and Sports, associations of the third sector (hotels, patients, neighbors, etc.), associations of families, as well as associations of Roma ethnic. Thanks to this collaborative work, a total of 100 interventions were carried out with an overall attendance of 1056 people. A summary of the population groups reached in the training sessions can be seen in Table 5.

**Figure 2.** Sections and web content subsections at www.entendercovid.es accessed on 1 February 2023.

Figure 3 depicts the main training actions developed by the strategy, among which the following clearly stand out: "Drop by drop", that is, general training for individually enrolled citizens, with 32 actions; training for vulnerable populations, with 19 actions; and training for parents of children in confinement and/or isolation, as well as specific training for parents of children with special needs, with 14 actions.

Lastly, in the open-ended questions of the questionnaire, the most repeated messages correspond to the following codes: "gratitude", "appreciation of the live session for questions and needs", "request to repeat the training to update knowledge", and "verification of the need for training for the entire population".


**Table 5.** Target population reached in the "Understanding COVID" training.

**Figure 3.** Number of training sessions and participants. AMPAS: Spanish acronym for Families Associations.
