*3.1. Study Characteristics*

Of the 101 records identified in the ClinicalTrials.gov database, 75 documents were excluded due to inconsistency between the study title and the PICO framework or because no results were available. Among the remaining CTs, 19 RCTs were deemed eligible for the systematic review.

Study results for seven RCTs [22–29] were retrieved from ClinicalTrials.gov, results for five RCTs [30–39] were published in full text articles, and data for two RCTs [40–43] were obtained through the European Union (EU) Clinical Trial Register. Results for two RCTs [44–47] were available only from conference abstracts or posters, data for one RCT [48–50] were retrieved from both the EU Clinical Trial Register and abstract, and for another RCT, they were retrieved from both ClinicalTrials.gov and the abstract [51,52]. Results for one RCT [53,54] were provided on the pharmaceutical company's website. The main characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review are reported in Table 1.


**Table 1.** Characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review. **Study and Year Class of Drug ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier and/or Company ID Study Characteristics Treatment Duration (wks) Number of Analysed Patients Drugs, Doses, and Regimen of Administration Comparator Route of Ad- ministration Inhaler Device (Brand) Patients' Characteristics Age (Years) Male (%) Current Smok- ers (%) Post Bron- chodilator FEV1 (% Predicted) Investigated Outcome Jadad Score** Moss et al., 2022, LEDA [36,37] DP2 antagonist NCT03683576 Phase IIb, multicentre, randomised, PCB-controlled, double-blind parallel-group study 24 481 Standard of care treatment + GB001 20 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg QD Standard of care treatment + PCB GB001 and PCB: PO NA Moderate to severe eosinophilic asthma (pre-bronchodilator FEV1 ≤ 85% predicted and airway reversibility or AHR; peripheral blood eosinophil count ≥ 250 cells/μL) 51.8 35.8 0.0 NA FEV1, PEF, ACQ, symptoms control, and exacerbations 3 Singh et al., 2022 [30,31] Anti-IL-5 mAb NCT03287310 Phase I, multicentre, randomised, PCB-controlled, double-blind parallel-group study 1 day 48 As-needed SABA and stable low to moderate dose of ICS or ICS/LABA + single dose of depemokimab (GSK3511294) 2 mg, 10 mg, 30 mg, 100, 300 mg As-needed SABA and stable low-to-moderate dose of ICS or stable low-to-moderate dose of ICS/LABA + PCB SABA, ICS/LABA, ICS: oral inhalation; depemokimab: SC NA Mild to moderate asthma (pre-bronchodilator FEV1≥ 60% predicted, ACT score >19, and blood eosinophil count of ≥200 cells/μL) 44.0 95.8 0.0 81.0 FEV1 and eosinophil count 5 Cass et al., 2021 [38,39] Antifungal triazole NCT02715570 Phase I, single centre, two-part randomised, PCB-controlled, single-blind crossover study 1 day 9 Single dose of PC945 5 mg PCB Oral inhalation NA Mild asthma 37.7 66.7 NA NA FEV1 2 Chupp et al., 2021, GRANIT [48–50] SGRM NCT03622112 Phase IIb, multicentre, randomised, PCB-controlled, double-blind parallel-group study 12 805 Velsecorat (AZD7594) 50μg, 90 μg, 180 μg, 360 μg, 720 μg QD FF (100 μg QD); PCB Oral inhalation DPI (NA) Asthma (patients who remain symptomatic on low dose BUD [200 μg BID in Europe and 180 μg BID in US] 53.2 42.0 NA NA FEV1, PEF, ACQ, symptoms control, FENO, rescue medication use, and exacerbations 3 De Gaix et al., 2021 [51,52] Anti-Fel d 1 mAb cocktail NCT03838731 Phase II, single-centre, randomised, PCB-controlled, double-blind parallel-group study 1 day 56 Single dose of REGN1908-1909 600 mg PCB SC NA Mild asthma with cat allergy 29.3 37.5 NA NA FEV1 3 Siddiqui et al., 2021, EXHALE [28,29] Synthetic aminobenzothiazole NCT04046939 Phase II, multicentre, randomised, PCB-controlled, double-blind parallel-group study12 103 Dexpramipexole (KNS-760704) 37.5 mg, 75 mg, 150 mg BID PCB PO NA Moderate to severe eosinophilic asthma (FEV1 < 80% predicted and bronchodilator FEV1 reversibility ≥ 12% and ≥200 mL) 45.3 47.6 0.0 NA FEV1, ACQ, eosinophil count, FENO, and AQLQ 3





 *Cont.*



**Table**

**1.**

*Cont.*


BTK: tyrosine kinase; budesonide; prostaglandin receptor; dry powder inhaler; epithelial channel; oxide; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in the 1st second; FP: fluticasone propionate; FVC: forced vital capacity; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; IL-n: interleukin-n; IL-nR: interleukin-n receptor; IV: intravenous; JAK: Janus kinase; LABA: long-acting β2 adrenoceptor agonist; mAb: monoclonal antibody; MABA: M3 receptor muscarinic antagonists/β2-adrenoceptor agonist; NA: not available; PCB: placebo; PEF: peak expiratory flow; PO: oral; QD: quaque die, once daily; Q4W: once every 4 weeks; SABA: short-acting β2 agonist; SC: subcutaneous; SGRM: selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators; SMI: soft mist inhaler; SGRQ: St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire; TSLP: thymic stromal lymphopoietin; wks: weeks.
