*3.17. Probiotics*

Probiotics exhibited anti-inflammatory properties to modulate immune functions and were characterised by good tolerance and safety [44]. According to preliminary results of a Phase II/III RCT [44,45] in severe uncontrolled asthma, a change from baseline in ACQ score was similar in patients receiving the orally administered Probiotical® and PCB; no data are available on lung function. A significant (*p* < 0.05) reduction in the percentage of sputum eosinophils was observed between baseline and after 3 months of therapy in the Probiotical® group (0.5% (95%CI 0.0–2.3) vs. 0.1% (95%CI 0.0–0.5)) compared to the PCB group (4.5% (95%CI 1.5–9.3) vs. 2.4% (95%CI 1.2–9.4)) [44,45].
