*4.1. Curcumin*

Curcumin is a phenolic compound with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties with potential effects on the recovery of neurodegenerative disorders [19]. In vitro, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells treated with curcumin showed improvement in mitochondrial activity, and increased cell differentiation via PPAR-γ activation, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and increased PGC1-α expression [80]. In vivo, a sciatic nerve crushed injury model in rats was treated using curcumin [81]. This curcumin was administered through a subcutaneously implanted pump at the site of injury [81]. There was functional and morphological muscle recovery along with reduction of oxidative markers and increased Nrf2 antioxidant in the treated groups [81]. This model shows promising results, and it may consider delivering curcumin using a less invasive strategy. In general, Nrf2 seems to be relevant in muscle recovery and nerve regeneration by reducing demyelination via exogenous antioxidant stimulation.
