*2.1. Samples*

In previous work skin samples were taken from two wild carnivore species, the wolf (*Canis lupus)* and fox (*Vulpes vulpes*), and from two wild ruminant species, chamois (*Rupicapra rupicapra)* and red deer (*Cervus elaphus*), all from Asturias (Northern Spain) [5]. Afterwards, skin samples were para ffin-embedded, stained with hematoxylin–eosin and found to have natural sarcoptic mange, which was confirmed by mite isolation and identification. Gross examination showed that the wolf lesions were alopecic, while the fox, chamois and red deer lesions were extensive and hyperkeratotic. *Sarcoptes scabiei* mite burden was high in all species except the wolf. Eosinophils were not observed in wolf skin samples but they were observed in the other species [5]. Mast cells were not observed in any species.

Skin samples from 20 animals (5 per species) were selected for immunohistochemistry in this work. Ethical permission was not required.
