**About the Editor**

### **Mauro Malv `e**

Mauro Malve is an aeronautical engineer with a master's degree from the Politecnico di ` Milano (Italy). After spending a brief amount of time in the industry, in 2006, he obtained a PhD in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Karlsruhe (Germany) with a focus on computational cardiovascular biomechanics. From 2008 to 2012, he completed a Postdoctoral Fellowship at the Bioengineering Research Networking (CIBER-BBN) of the University of Zaragoza (Spain) centered on the fluid structure interaction analysis applied to large vessels and to the human upper airways. In 2013, he moved to Pamplona (Spain) to join the Engineering faculty of the Public University of Navarra (UPNA). He is currently an Associate Professor of Structural Mechanics at the Department of Engineering at UPNA and a scientific director of the research group IMAC (Applied and Computational Mechanical Engineering). His main research interests focus on computational fluid dynamics and on fluid–structure interaction analysis applied to human and veterinary medicine. More recently, he has been working extensively on the design and simulation of customizable, 3D-printable cardiovascular stents and respiratory prostheses. He is currently a member of Bioengineering Research Networking (CIBER-BBN) and the European Society of Biomechanics. He maintains collaborations with several institutions in Spain and worldwide, such as the University of Zaragoza (Spain), the University of Saskatchewan (Canada), and the Ecole ´ Vet´ erinaire Maisons Alfort, where he partook in three research stays in the last few years, and the ´ University of Grenobles-Alpes (France). He has published over 40 scientific publications indexed with the Journal of Citations Report, and he has presented his research in over 60 national and international conferences.

### **Preface to "Numerical Simulation in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering-II"**

In comparison with some of the traditional fields of engineering, biomedical engineering is a relatively new discipline that combines knowledge from several aspects of medicine, biology, mathematics and physics among others. In last two decades, it has received significant attention from the scientific community due to its direct relation to the health of humans, animals and even of the environment.

This second volume of the Special Issue entitled 'Numerical Modeling in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering' in *Mathematics* presents a collection of different applications of mathematical methods and computational modeling to biomechanics and biomedical engineering. Some of the trending topics included in the book are the structural analysis of the muscle skeletal system and bone tissue, the modeling of arterial biomechanics and its pathologies such as the atherosclerosis, discrete particle modeling for drug delivery or tumor targeting, virtual surgery such as arthroplasty or mandibular advancement, and the computational analysis of micro-vascular networks and complex arterial flows for the identification specific parameters of diseased vessels among other interesting subjects.

The Editor thanks all the contributors for presenting their results and achievements through their clinical and basic scientific research articles. This book has been written and printed thanks to their expertise, dedication, and enthusiasm.

> **Mauro Malv`e** *Editor*

*Review*

### **Modelling the Upper Airways of Mandibular Advancement Surgery: A Systematic Review**

**Mohd Faruq Abdul Latif 1, Nik Nazri Nik Ghazali 2,\*, M. F. Abdullah 3, Norliza Binti Ibrahim 4, Roziana M. Razi 5, Irfan Anjum Badruddin 6,\*, Sarfaraz Kamangar 6, Mohamed Hussien 7,8, N. Ameer Ahammad 9 and Azeem Khan 10**


**Abstract:** Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a conceivably hazardous ailment. Most end up with non-reversible surgical techniques, such as the maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) procedure. MMA is an amazingly obtrusive treatment, regularly connected to complexities and facial change. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) is broadly utilized as an instrument to comprehend the stream system inside the human upper airways (UA) completely. There are logical inconsistencies among the investigations into the utilizations of CFD for OSAS study. Thus, to adequately understand the requirement for OSAS CFD investigation, a systematic literature search was performed. This review features the necessary recommendations to accurately model the UA to fill in as an ideal predictive methodology before mandibular advancement surgery.

**Keywords:** OSA; mandibular advancement; CFD; sleep apnea

**MSC:** 92-08
