*2.1. Sample*

This is a secondary analysis of data obtained from Mexican and Puerto Rican participants who enrolled in a cross-sectional study (R21CA143636) called the Latino Men's Health Initiative (Iniciativa de Salud para Hombres Latinos). The Latino Men's Health Initiative was an NIH-funded, community-based participatory research study [17]. The purpose of that cross-sectional parent study was to explore the role of four cultural variables (acculturation, acculturative stress, ethnic identity, and cultural values) that may help to explain the ethnic disparities in correlates of overweight or obesity (diet, physical activity, and body image) among Mexican and Puerto Rican men [17]. Eligibility criteria were as follows: Inclusion: (a) Mexican and Puerto Rican men. They could be biracial but had to identify as Mexican or Puerto Rican. (b) Between the ages of 18 and 65. (c) Those who agreed to provide informed consent. Exclusion: (a) Those with a lower body mass index (BMI) limit: <18.5 kg/m2. No upper BMI limit (as the target population of the larger study were men with normal weight, overweight, or obesity). (b) Those who were not able to comprehend English or Spanish. (c) Those who had an eating disorder, including bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. (d) Those who had plans to move from the Illinois area during the course of the study (i.e., 6 weeks).

The recruitment strategies, which are described in detail elsewhere [17], consisted of direct and indirect methods. The direct methods included in-person recruitment at Latinx organizations, churches, and community events. The indirect methods included newspaper and newsletter advertisements, website and listserv announcements, and letters to organizations with a Latino or health focus. All participants provided written informed consent. The data collected as part of the overall parent study and the analyses reported in the current study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at the University of Illinois at Chicago (IRB-2011-0187). The parent study also received IRB approval from the research review board at Alivio Medical Center. In addition, the University of Illinois at Chicago served as the IRB of record for Northwestern University (STU00204427).

The participants completed anthropometric measures (height, weight, body fat, hip, waist), a health and culture interview, and a diet questionnaire and used an accelerometer

for seven consecutive days. As noted elsewhere [17], 203 participants completed the measures and the health and culture interview, and 193 completed all study components.
