**5. Conclusions**

In conclusion, there is considerable importance in reducing postprandial glucose and insulin increases responsible for oxidative stress and β cells damage, which in turn are considered risk factors for serious chronic diseases. There is also a growing interest in the development of new economically and environmentally sustainable food products designed to improve glucose metabolism. The BSG extract-based food supplement tested, containing soluble dietary fiber and bioaccessible ferulic acid, was found to lead to the restoration at 120 min of blood glucose and insulin values to the values recorded at the baseline, reducing postprandial glucose and insulin increases in normo-glycemic subjects showing just a mild insulin resistance.

More studies are required to determine whether these acute benefits result in longterm improvements in glycemic control and whether supplementation with this food supplement as part of the daily diet is a useful approach for the management of subjects with slight insulin resistance. If these promising results are confirmed in long-term studies, this food supplement might be recommended to elderly people at a high risk of developing metabolic syndrome and diabetes (i.e., with pre-diabetes, overweight, 45 years or older, have a parent, brother, or sister with type 2 diabetes, are physically active less than 3 times a week) and women of childbearing age with risk factors towards developing gestational diabetes during pregnancy.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, M.D.; methodology, H.U., C.E., R.P., L.F.D.L. and C.S.; software, H.U., L.F.D.L., C.S. and D.G.B.; validation, C.E., A.D.M. and G.P.; formal analysis, C.E. and R.S.; investigation, H.U., L.F.D.L., C.S. and R.P.; resources, A.B. and A.K.; data curation, A.D.M. and D.G.B.; writing—original draft preparation, H.U., A.K. and G.P.; writing—review and editing, M.D., H.U., A.B., D.G.B. and A.K.; visualization, C.E., R.P., A.D.M., A.B. and R.S.; supervision, M.D. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research received no external funding.

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** The study was approved by the Scientific Ethics Committee of A.S.L. Napoli 1 CENTRO (Protocol number 222, 12 April 2021) and carried out in accordance with the Helsinki declaration of 1964 (as revised in 2000).

**Informed Consent Statement:** Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

**Data Availability Statement:** Not applicable.

**Acknowledgments:** The authors wish to express their gratitude to the Medical Doctors: Bernardi Giuseppe, Boncompagni Salvatore, Caruso Ciro, Costantino Angelo, Garaffa Elio, Laringe Matteo, Mandaliti Vincenzo, Polistina Claudio, and Santoro Rodolfo (Comegen S.c.S., Società Cooperativa Sociale di Medici di Medicina Generale, Viale Maria Bakunin, 41, 80125 Naples, Italy). Their generous contributions of time and expertise are greatly appreciated. In addition, the authors wish to express their gratitude to Francesca Coppola for her valuable contribution in the collection of the data, and to Eris Scott-Perring for English language support. The authors wish to express their gratitude to Francesca Varvello (Heallo srl, (MI), Italy) for providing the samples tested in this investigation.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
