**4. Conclusions**

We are currently developing a framework considering the evapotranspiration processes associated with irrigation to evaluate the role of human activities on agricultural and hydrological droughts in a Mediterranean catchment. Thus, we implemented a reservoir simulation scheme as an external module, which allows for a flexible approach (rapid iteration process). The reservoir model shows good performance, considering the model's simplifications. The KGE is good, especially for outflows. Through the SURFEX irrigation scheme, dynamic irrigation demands can be used, which provides a more realistic analysis.

To investigate the impact of human activities on the water cycle and droughts, we used different standardized indices. This allows for analyzing and characterizing drought events (e.g., intensity, duration) and investigating the drought dynamic under a coupled natural–human system. Finally, the impact of irrigation and reservoir operation on the catchment modifies the hydrological response, leading to variations in the severity of hydrological droughts, while at the same time, these human activities have the opposite effect on the intensity of droughts associated with evapotranspiration.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, O.C.-C. and P.Q.-S.; methodology, O.C.-C., P.Q.-S. and L.G.; software, P.Q.-S. and L.G.; formal analysis, O.C.-C., P.Q.-S. and L.G.; investigation, O.C.-C.; resources, L.G.; data curation, O.C.-C.; writing—original draft preparation, O.C.-C.; writing—review and editing, O.C.-C., P.Q.-S. and L.G.; visualization, O.C.-C.; supervision, P.Q.-S. and L.G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research was funded by the HUMID project (CGL2017-85687-R, AEI/FEDER, UE), the Predoctoral gran<sup>t</sup> PRE2018-085027 (AEI/FSE), and the IDEWA project (PRIMA PCI2020-112043/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033).

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.

**Data Availability Statement:** Data will be made available on request.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
