**5. Conclusions**

This study observed that the sEMG activity of paraspinal muscle was higher during Schroth exercise than in that of a relaxed standing position in nine patients with AIS. The asymmetric exercise induced more sEMG activity at the convex side, while symmetric exercise induced more sEMG activity at the concave side. Weight bearing exercise tended to activate more muscle contractions on both sides of the scoliotic curve in the included AIS patients. Patients in a larger sample size will need to be investigated in the future to validate the current observations.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; methodology, C.H., J.- T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; software, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; validation, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; formal analysis, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; investigation, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; resources, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; data curation, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; writing—original draft preparation, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; writing—review and editing, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; visualization, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; supervision, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; project administration, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M.; funding acquisition, C.H., J.-T.Y., Q.Z., Z.M., C.Z.-H.M. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research was funded by Shanghai Youth Science and Technology Talent Yangfan Program, grant number 20YF1433600.

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by Medical Ethics Committee of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (protocol code: [2020] (S173); date of approval: 8 July 2020).

**Informed Consent Statement:** Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

**Data Availability Statement:** Data are presented in the article. Initial instrumental output data are available upon request from corresponding author.

**Acknowledgments:** The authors would like to acknowledge Guoqing Liu for his support in subject recruitment and Yanping Zhang for his clinical suggestions.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.

#### **References**

