*4.2. Magnetic Parameter Effects*

The effect of the magnetic parameter *M* on the dimensionless velocity, temperature, concentration, and concentration of motile micro-organisms' fields are shown in Figures 4 and 5. The magnetic parameter is the proportion of electromagnetic force to inertial force; thus, when *M* increases, the velocity field decreases. Due to the presence of a magnetic field, the Lorentz forces are considered to be in hydro-magnetic flow. As *M* increases, the strength of the induced magnetic forces increases, with a drop in the velocity field. In addition, the temperature field increases with increasing *M* at any point on the BL. This is because when a magnetic field is applied to a flow area, it produces a Lorentz force, which acts as a retarding force, causing the temperature of the fluid inside the BL to rise, as seen in Figure 4. Furthermore, the sheet's surface temperature may be controlled by varying the strength of the applied magnetic field, which also helps in improving the *φ*(*η*) and *χ*(*η*), as can be seen in Figure 5.

**Figure 3.** Influence of the curvature parameter on *φ*(*η*) and *χ*(*η*).

**Figure 4.** Influence of the magnetic parameter on *F* (*η*) and *θ*(*η*).

**Figure 5.** Influence of the magnetic parameter on *φ*(*η*) and *χ*(*η*).

#### *4.3. Slip Parameter Effects*

Figure 6 shows the velocity and temperature fields for varying values of *β*1. The velocity decreases as the slip parameter increases, while the temperature increases. This is because when the slip condition occurs, the stretching sheet's velocity differs from the flow near the sheet's velocity. The fluid does not receive a majority of the stretching velocity. As a result, the velocity profile is reduced. In contrast, when *β*<sup>1</sup> is increased, subsequently, the rate of heat transmission from the surface to the ambient fluid is significantly reduced. Thus, the temperature field improves. The same effects are observed for concentration and concentration motile micro-organisms' profiles in Figure 7. Increases in the slip parameter induce surface friction, which generates a frictional force that causes the particles moving through the fluid to slow down. As a result, the distributions of the nanofluid concentration and the concentration of motile micro-organisms are amplified.

**Figure 6.** Influence of the slip parameter on *F* (*η*) and *θ*(*η*).

**Figure 7.** Influence of the slip parameter on *φ*(*η*) and *χ*(*η*).
