**5. Conclusions**

In conclusion, among patients with generalized convulsive SE requiring MV, half had criteria for aspiration syndrome and one-quarter of patients had a BAP. Clinical characteristics and biomarkers, such as serum CRP, PCT, and albumin levels measured during the first 24 h, were not useful to differentiate BAP from pneumonitis. Up to onequarter of bacteria isolated from tracheal samples were not sensitive to ACA, with no clinical consequences despite inappropriate antibiotic therapy. BAP tended to be associated with poor functional outcome and death at 3 months. Our results highlight the need for a method to rapidly differentiate pneumonitis from BAP, such as PCR-based techniques.

**Supplementary Materials:** The following supporting information can be downloaded at https: //www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/jcm11226673/s1, Table S1: Comparison of patients with BAP according to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid susceptibility among causative pathogens.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, R.T. and S.N.; methodology, R.T.; validation, R.T., F.W. and S.N.; formal analysis, R.T. and S.N.; data curation, R.T., F.W. and P.D.; writing—original draft preparation, R.T.; writing—review and editing, R.T., F.W., P.D. and S.N. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research received no external funding.

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of SRLF (French Society of Intensive Care) (protocol code CE SRLF 21-38 and date of approval: 3 September 2022).

**Informed Consent Statement:** Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

**Data Availability Statement:** The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy reasons.

**Conflicts of Interest:** S.N. received payment for lectures from MSD, Pfizer, Gilead, Biomérieux, Bio Rad, and Fischer and Paykel. R.T., F.W. and P.D. declare no conflict of interest.
