*3.3. Carcinogens Formed during Food Processing*

While many carcinogens associated with food processing are generated during heating (see next section), some can be formed through nonthermal process or during storage [5]. Such chemicals include benzene, cholopropanols and ethyl carbamate.

**Figure 3.** Chemical structures of DNA-reactive carcinogens formed during food processing and related chemicals present in foods. Asterisks indicate sites of activation.
