4.3.1. Overall Impression

Concerning the overall workshop structure and conduction, the DMs reported an improvement compared to the first workshop. This is reflected in a less time-consuming questionnaire and the presence of group discussions. The enhanced and more compact questionnaire layout has also been remarked, which contributed to an easier visual perception and reduced effort during the evaluations.

### 4.3.2. Group Discussions

The outcomes of group discussions can be summarized in the mapping of best options described in Section 3.6. The example shown in Figure 11 shows the option mapping for the morphing wing section attribute and the system complexity criterion. The first question that the participants answer together is: which sub-criteria or aspects associated with system complexity are related to or influenced by different morphable wing sections? After outlining the sub-criteria, the experts discuss which options of this attribute exhibit best performance according to the sub-criteria. These promising options are then noted in "Best option" column. Based on the dominance level of the different options obtained during the discussion, the experts might consider editing their initial evaluations.

Regarding one of the new methodology elements, namely the group discussions and the behavioral aggregations, one could observe both positive feedback and wish for further improvement. Fruitful conversations and idea sharing were an important part of the behavioral aggregation. The derivation of sub-criteria and the associated best options contributed to largely structured conversations. The initial idea behind the visual mapping of best options was to introduce new aspects (reduce the "availability" bias) and probably motivate the experts to correct some initial evaluations. However, this purpose was not entirely supported by the majority of the participants, so the question arose whether such a discussion was necessary in the first place. Nevertheless, two participants (25%) stated they had indeed wished to correct their initial evaluations after the discussion.


**Figure 11.** Option mapping of the morphable wing section attribute to the derived sub-criteria of the system complexity criterion. This mapping resulted from one of the group discussions during the second workshop.
