3.1.4. Random Forest

The random forest (RF) is an algorithm that integrates multiple trees through the concept of integrated learning. Its basic unit is a decision tree, and its essence goes with an important branch of machine learning–integration learning [83]. As shown in Figure 6, from an intuitive point of view, each decision tree is a decision maker. N trees will have N decision. The random forest integrates all the decision and designates the consequence with the most decision as the final output.

**Figure 6.** Architecture of the machine learning models.
