*4.1. Establishment of the Numerical Model*

Three-dimensional numerical nonlinear analysis and parameter analysis of model anti-slide pile were carried out by using ABAQUS numerical simulation software. The model size, external trapezoidal load, and main parameters of the model pile are the same as those in Section 2. The FE model was constructed by embedded element technology, and the damage plasticity model (CDP model) was adopted for the pile concrete, which are defined according to the plasticity and damage parameters. The double broken line model of isotropic plasticity was applied for the constitutive relation of pile steel bars. The boundary conditions of the numerical model mainly set the anchored section as a fixed constraint and the loaded section as a free boundary. The C3D8R element and the T3D2 element were adopted for the pile concrete and steel bars, respectively, and the numerical model was divided into 17,164 elements and 20,134 nodes, as shown in Figure 22.
