2.5.1. β-ODAP Content

In the first stage of analysis, a blender was used for homogenization. These samples were divided into 1-g portions in individual 50-mL sample tubes. Then, 25 mL of extraction solution, 0.1% (*v*/*v*) formic acid in water:methanol (50:50) (*v*/*v*), was added to the sample tube. For recovery studies, a standard was added to the tube at this stage. The mixture was extracted using Ultra-Turrax (IKA, Germany) for 2 min at 10,000 rpm. Centrifuging was done on the extracted samples for 10 min at 4 ◦C and 4000 rpm. The supernatant was passed through a 0.2-μm PTFE membrane filter. Filtered samples were diluted with a mobile phase and injected at 10 μL volumes to LC-MS/MS. β-ODAP was purchased from ChemFaces (Wuhan, China), with high purity (>98%). After extraction, β-ODAP content was identified with the UHPLC-MS/MS method, which has been detailed in the study by Arslan et al. [27].
