5.3.4. Further Verification

To further verify the correctness and validity of the model, the weather type of a certain day in the winter of December 2020 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China was used as the input of the model. The results of the economic dispatch of the inner-loop model are shown in Table 8, and the results of the network loss optimization of the outer-loop model are shown in Table 9. The network loss cost and energy loss cost in four cases are shown in Table 10. The final economic cost of MMGS in the four cases on another day is shown in Table 11.

**Table 8.** Comparison of operating cost in three cases on another day.


**Table 9.** Comparison of network loss in the four cases on another day.


**Table 10.** Network loss cost and energy loss cost on four cases on another day.


**Table 11.** The final economic cost of MMGS in the four cases on another day.


It can be concluded from the above tables that the multi-objective optimization of the model is still achieved after using the weather data of one day in winter. The optimal total economic cost of MMGS *CETC* and the lowest distribution network loss *W<sup>G</sup> <sup>S</sup>* are obtained, which further proves the correctness and effectiveness of the model.

### **6. Conclusions**

A cooperative multi-objective optimization strategy for MMGS containing EVs and RESs is proposed, including dynamic economic dispatch and optimization of reactive power output by DC/AC converters. Dynamic economic dispatch optimizes the active power output of RESs, EVs, and DC/AC converters in MMGS to obtain the optimal daily operating cost of MMGS. Reactive power optimization reduces the daily operating network loss of the distribution network by optimizing the reactive power output of the DC/AC converters to the distribution network. By comparing the results of the four cases, the following conclusions are drawn:


**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, Z.X. and C.C.; methodology, Z.X.; software, Z.X.; validation, Z.X., M.D. and J.Z.; formal analysis, Z.X.; investigation, D.H.; resources, H.C.; data curation, Z.X.; writing—original draft preparation, Z.X.; writing—review and editing, Z.X. and C.C.; visualization, Z.X.; supervision, C.C.; project administration, C.C.; funding acquisition, C.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number 51977086.

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.

**Data Availability Statement:** Not applicable.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.

### **Nomenclature**


