*2.1. Collaborative Robots*

Collaborative robots, or cobots, are designed to work alongside humans, creating safer and more efficient work environments and enabling the development of new strategic approaches to problems [5] and alternative technical solutions. Unlike their predecessors, cobots are equipped with advanced sensors and sophisticated algorithms that enable them to perceive and respond to human movements. As a result, they can assist in tasks that require human dexterity and decision making while reducing the risk of workplace accidents. From manufacturing assembly lines and assembly techniques [6] to healthcare settings, cobots are being adopted across multiple industries to enhance human capabilities.

The authors of [7] developed a human–robot collaboration system with good pathtracking accuracy. This enabled the implementation of an industrial robot with enhanced capabilities to improve system behavior.
