**Deep Learning Architecture and Applications**

Editors

**Xiang Zhang Xiaoxiao Li**

Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Novi Sad • Cluj • Manchester

*Editors* Xiang Zhang Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte, NC, USA

Xiaoxiao Li Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada

*Editorial Office* MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland

This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal *Algorithms* (ISSN 1999-4893) (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/algorithms/special issues/56U1X6P99B).

For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below:

Lastname, A.A.; Lastname, B.B. Article Title. *Journal Name* **Year**, *Volume Number*, Page Range.

**ISBN 978-3-0365-8830-8 (Hbk) ISBN 978-3-0365-8831-5 (PDF) doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-8831-5**

© 2023 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) license.
