2.2.4. Criteria for Inclusion and Exclusion

Exclusion: focus on HCP, not focus on medical imaging, other language. Inclusion: focus on the medical imaging, published in English.

#### 2.2.5. Data Analysis

The Kappa test was performed to determine the two reviewers' agreement using SPSS 16. A meta-analysis was used to obtain the pooled estimate. The random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis. Chi-square statistics and I-square statistics were used to report heterogeneity. A meta-analysis was performed using STATA software version 13.1.

#### **3. Results**

The magnitude of the publication related to the knowledge and standard precautions of HCAIs among the MIPs was initially unknown. Therefore, the present research question was focused on MIPS. The literature searches across the three electronic databases resulted in 247 articles in the current review. The additional 14 articles were obtained by the manual search based on the references. Once the duplicate papers were eliminated, the study number was reduced to 238 articles. A total of 221 articles that were not focused on the MIPs were removed. The full text of the remaining 11 articles [24–34] was collected and screened for the inclusion and exclusion criteria, out of which only 5 articles are eligible for review and evaluation [24,25,29,30,32]. The PRISMA is presented in Figure 1 [23].

**Figure 1.** Flow diagram of the article selection process.
