*2.1. Employee Mental Health*

The World Health Organization [20] defines mental health as "a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community". Over the years, researchers have developed a variety of operational definitions. For example, Ford et al. [13] suggest that mental health refers to an individual's affective experiences and behavior. Montano et al. [16] define mental health as a continuum of neurophysiological and cognitive states related to thinking, mood and emotion, and behavior including negative and positive mental health states. Sharma et al. [21] show that mental health is a positive expression, which is the absence of anxiety, social dysfunction and the presence of condition. Based on these definitions, scholars have developed a variety of measurement instruments that include both positive and negative terms in order to describe mental health more accurately [22]. Although definitions and measurements differ among scholars, it is widely accepted that positive affective states are often described as 'good' mental health, while a state of emotional suffering such as depression and anxiety is often used to refer to 'poor' mental health [8,23].
