*2.2. DNA Extraction*

About 3 g of MOR (the dried root) or AOF (the dried ripe fruit) samples was transferred into a 50 mL sterilized centrifuge tube and mixed with 20 mL of sterilized water, and shaken for 20 min by a vortex mixer. Then, the mixture was filtered by Millipore filter membrane (50 mm diameter, 0.2 μm pore size). Total DNA was extracted by the cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide method [24].
