*2.2. Field Experiment*

The field experiment was carried out at a cultivation facility located in Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, Republic of Korea (35◦52 09 N 127◦06 30 E). For a test crop, a Heukgang cultivar (*Allium fistulosum*, Farm Hannong Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea) was cultivated in a greenhouse and scallion seedlings were used for field experiments 63 days after germination. For the field experiments, two different trials, A and B, were used, each with an area of 30 m<sup>2</sup> (2 m × 15 m), and each equally divided into three repeating plots. Each trial was separated with a 6 m2 (2 m × 3 m) buffer zone. The physico-chemical properties of the soil were analyzed according to the official soil analysis methods outlined by the rural development administration (RDA) [13] and are indicated in Table 2.

**Table 2.** Physico-chemical properties of soil.


<sup>1</sup> Electrical conductivity; <sup>2</sup> Organic matter; <sup>3</sup> Cation exchange capacity.

The spray suspension was prepared by mixing 5 mL of 40% Mercury SC (suspenstion concentrate) with 20 L of water and sprayed on the trials using a power sprayer (MSB1500Li, Maruyama, Japan). The application rate of fluopyram was 0.06 g a.i. (active ingredient)/m2, which was the maximum seasonal rate determined from the maximum label rate and the maximum number of applications according to OECD (organization for economic cooperation and development) guidelines [14]. After application, the soil was homogenized to a depth of 10 cm. The plots were irrigated by spraying 100 L of water on each trial once a week to maintain 20% soil moisture content and maintained for 30 days (PBI-30; Plant back intervals) in a greenhouse. The seedlings were planted at a density of 15 × 15 cm after tillage to a depth of 15 cm and cultivated for 48 days. In each trial, 100 L of water was drip-irrigated every two days during cultivation. During the cultivation period, CAS data loggers (EL-21CFR-2-LCD, Lascar electronics, PA, USA) were used to monitor temperature (16.2–31.0 ◦C) and humidity (48.3–86.7%) in the facility.
