*2.1. Study Design*

A cross-sectional retrospective cohort analytical study was conducted in 36 municipalities in the state of Goiás. This investigation is part of the "Sanitation and Environmental Health in Rural and Traditional Communities of Goiás-SanRural Project" matrix project. The SanRural Project aims to promote knowledge about sanitation conditions and the environmental health of settled and traditional communities, such as riverside communities and remnants of quilombos.

#### *2.2. Context*

The State of Goiás is located in the Center-West Region of Brazil and comprises 246 municipalities distributed in five mesoregions (Centro Goiano, East Goiano, Northwest Goiano, North Goiano, and South Goiano). Goiás is the most populous state in the Midwest region and has the ninth-largest economy in the country. Agriculture is the main economic activity in the state and one of the main factors responsible for the rapid process of agro-industrialization in Goiás. The state of Goiás has an estimated population of 6 million people, with approximately 10% residing in rural areas [11]. According to the IBGE, 117 quilombola communities existed in the state of Goiás in 2019 [12]. In 2017, 309 settlements were registered in Goiás [13].
