**5. Conclusions**

The health-equity impact of vaccination programs has been increasingly estimated in economic evaluations across equity-relevant subpopulations to portray and/or address existing health inequities in health systems. Vaccines can enhance equity if the design and implementation of vaccination programs incorporate the effort and strategies to address existing health inequities to provide equitable vaccination coverage and achieve health equity. Guidelines on incorporating health equity into economic evaluations need to be developed to ensure standardization in conducting, reporting, and interpreting the analyses.

**Supplementary Materials:** The following supporting information can be downloaded at https:// www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/vaccines11030622/s1. Table S1: PRISMA 2020 Checklist. Table S2: Full search strategy. Table S3: Excluded studies with reasons. Table S4: Characteristics of the included studies. Table S5: Summary of antigen by income economy. Table S6: Summary of findings of included studies. Table S7: Reporting quality assessment using CHEERS 2022 statement.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, C.P. and N.C.; methodology, C.P. and N.C.; validation: C.P., J.-Y.C. and N.C.; formal analysis, C.P. and N.C.; investigation, C.P. and J.-Y.C.; data curation, C.P. and J.-Y.C.; writing—original draft preparation, C.P.; writing—review and editing, C.P., J.-Y.C., P.L., R.H. and N.C.; visualization, C.P.; supervision, N.C.; project administration, N.C.; funding acquisition, C.P. and N.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This study is funded by the Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals (IVB), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland (No: 2022/1307097).

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.

**Data Availability Statement:** The data presented in this study are available within this article and its Supplementary Materials.

**Conflicts of Interest:** P.L. and R.H. work for the World Health Organization. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication and do not necessarily represent the decisions, policies, or views of the World Health Organization. The other authors declare no conflict of interest.
