*4.7. PL and FF Analysis*

According to a recent experimental investigation, the I-SDK configuration had the lowest PL of 29.02% for performance evaluation during shading case-IV. I-SDK had lower PL values than the SP, TCT, SDK and SM setups according to the bar chart analysis in Figure 23.

**Figure 23.** (**a**) PL (**b**) FF analysis case IV.

Experimental research was carried out under comparable lighting conditions as in Case-IV. As a result, the I-SDK setup had a higher FF of 73.91%, validating the MAT-LAB/Simulink study results.
