*4.1. Assessment of the Measurement Model*

Multiple approaches were used to assess the reliability and validity of the measurement model. The reliability was measured through Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability (CR). The average variance extracted (AVE) was applied to assess the convergent validity. The Fornell–Larcker criterion and Heterotrait–Monotrait Ratio (HTMT) were applied to evaluate the discriminant validity (DV). For all the constructs, the CR and Cronbach's alpha exceeded the 0.7 threshold, and the AVE values surpassed the advised value of 0.50 (Table 2). All HTMT values were consistently smaller than the benchmark of 0.85 (Table 3), and the square root of AVE for every construct was greater than its correlation with all other constructs (Table 4). Hence, reliability and validity were established.

**Table 2.** Measurement model of the first- and second-order constructs.


**Table 2.** *Cont.*


Notes: QL\_LV—latent variable scores for the construct "Quality of life well-being", CEW\_LV—latent variable scores for the construct "Care for the environmental well-being", CFG\_LV—latent variable scores for the construct "Care for the future generation".

**Table 3.** Discriminant validity with HTMT.


**Table 4.** Fornell–Larcker criterion.


The square root of AVE values are marked in bold.
