*5.4. Summary*

All sighted sources addressing the impact of environmental constraints on UAM operations claim the need for real-time weather data collection and monitoring due to probably very sensitive UAM aircraft. Weather will not only constrain vertiport locations but may also affect directly operational procedures and flight directions towards and from vertiports. On a macro level, historic weather characteristics decide the selection of the operating environment and therefor which vertiport network and what VTOL aircraft performance is required. The specific vertiport design, its allocation of FATOs, approach and departure path orientation and operating concepts are influenced by the prevailing weather conditions and shape UAM on a micro level. Feasible operating hours of certain areas are derived from historic weather data which are then compared to assumed vehicle capabilities. Another approach is to examine historic weather data. Based on appearance and frequency of certain weather phenomena, VTOL aircraft requirements may be formulated in order to cover a certain proportion of the operational window. In both cases, weather considerations including wind, gusts, temperature etc. are not sufficiently addressed and researched yet in the context of UAM flights and vertiport operations. Micro-weather research and the development of fine scale urban weather models need to be pushed forward by current UAM development because *weather* will play a crucial role during the development of future UAM operational procedures and *U-space*/UTM services.

#### **6. Conclusions**

*"Say goodbye to congested streets, traffic diversions, and frustrating journeys"* [196]

vs.
